Hello folks who wonder if birds who occupy bird boxes are simply squatters of the bird world,

What do you think is the difference between this?

And this?


Is it that the former yellow mustard seeds are larger and the latter are smaller? It would be cool if life was that simple, but it seldom is.

Sure, the first one is a bunch of yellow mustard seeds that will eventually serve their purpose in life by ending up on a hot dog of an MLB fan. But the second ones are no mustard seeds, they are something that begin their lives every spring. In order to see them you must run to a Valley Oak tree near you in spring.

There you might see bright, tender green leaves on the tree.  On the underside of a leaf might be a teeny-tiny wasp not moving much, something like the scene below.


And since it is not moving a lot, that might pique your curiosity. Now there are two theories you might come up with:

Theory A: The wasp is suffering from constipation.

Theory B: The wasp is laying eggs on the leaf.

To confirm your suspicions, look at it from the side.


And that is how galls are formed. (What are galls btw?). But this particular gall is no ordinary run of the mill gall, this is the "jumping oak gall". To see the eggs become a gall, come back in the next few weeks. You will see a white structure on the underside of the leaves.


And soon enough you will see many more galls popping up on all the leaves of the Valley Oak by mid-summer.


If you ever look closely at one of these galls, they would look like pollen grains with spikes. Inside these structures are the larvae of the wasp.


After the galls reach a certain size, they will fall off the leaf and land at the base of the tree. In ideal cases, they will fall among the leaf litter and debris. Over here they will stay hidden and pupate in this gall structure and emerge as adults next spring. But we don't live in an ideal world, do we? Most of our trees have their leaf litter blown away by gas-powered leaf blowers to give us the illusion of a clean landscape. If that ever happens, these galls fall on the concrete but since there is nowhere to hide, they will kick into action to find a cool, dark place to hide. They will then start jumping.


In order to see how they do that; we will have to crack one open. As they say, you can't see the chicken till you crack the egg. There is something moving inside, I can see it.


What is happening inside is, the larva is constantly pulsating inside the gall, and there is not enough room to move around, so it ends up hitting the walls of the gall. When it hits the walls it causes the structure to jump or displace.


And these movements cause the galls to act like this, till they are hidden among the leaf litter away from prying predators.


No comments:

Post a Comment

Did you learn something new in this post? Let us know in the comments below

Tags

acorns adventure adventures algae alligator american crow ant cricket ants aphids aquatic snails arachnids argentine ants bananas bark beetles barklice barnacles bats beaver bees beetle beetles bird lice birds black-tailed deer bloodworms bristletail bug bugs bumblebee butterflies calicoflower canada goose cardinal carpenter bees carrots caterpillars cave centipede cockroaches common murres coot corvids court case crabs crawfish crayfish cricket crickets crow crustaceans damselflies death deer diatoms dock dragonflies earwigs eggs egrets elephant seals eucalyptus european starlings eyes farallon island ferns fingerprints fishes flea flies floods florida flowers fly freshwater snail frog frogs fundraiser fungus fungus-eating lady beetles galls gannet geckos geese goats goldfinch gophers grasshopper green dock beetle green heron green lacewing guest post gull gulls harvestmen hawks herons hike history honeybees house sparrows india insects isopods jumping bristletails jumping spiders juncos katydid kayak lacewing lady beetles land snails leaf miners leafhopper lice lichens lizard lizards lynx spider maggots Magpie mallow marsh megabats midges mildew millipede mites moles mosquito moths mouse spider nematodes nettles newt newts night nuthatches oaks owl paper wasps parasite part 2 pavement ants pelicans pigeons pill bugs plants pocket gophers pollen pollination pollinators poppy praying mantis pseudopupil puffins pupa quail rabbits rat roach roadkill rove beetles salamander salmon sandpiper scat scorpion Scorpions sea lions sea otters sea urchin seals seeds shorebird shrimp silverfish skunk snails snakes social media solifuges sparrows spider spiders springtails squirrel squirrels starlings stilts stinger sun spiders surf scoter swallows tarantula termites thrips ticks towhees trees turkey turkey vulture turtle venom vernal pool vultures warblers wasps water boatmen webspinners whales wildflower wolf spider woodpeckers Wren wrens yellow jackets youtube

Featured Post

The case of the missing grasshopper

Hello folks who wonder if crime does not pay well at least the benefits are hard to dismiss, This case is about Gregory , a band-winged Gras...